@article{oai:showa.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003856,
 author = {EBATO, Takaya and OHTA, Shin and YAMAGUCHI, Munehiro and MIKUNI, Hatsuko and IKEDA, Hitoshi and JINNO, Megumi and HIRAI, Kuniaki and MIYATA, Yoshito and INOUE, Hideki and HOMMA, Tetsuya and YAMAMOTO, Mayumi and SUZUKI, Shintaro and TANAKA, Akihiko and SAGARA, Hironori},
 issue = {4},
 journal = {The Showa University journal of medical sciences},
 month = {2021-12, 2022-01-11},
 note = {The cytokine interleukin-34 （IL-34） was recently described. However, its role in the lungs is not well understood. IL-34 binds to the colony stimulating factor-1 receptor, thereby enhancing tissue macrophage maturation and differentiation. Macrophages are essential to the airway inflammation process and acute lung injury （ALI）. This study aimed to evaluate the role of IL-34 in ALI establishment. C57BL/6 male mice were stimulated intratracheally with lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and sacrificed on day 1, 3, 5, or 7. Additionally, the mice were treated with an anti-IL-34 antibody intranasally before LPS stimulation. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） and lung tissues were collected. The cells of the human peripheral blood monocyte cell line THP-1 and the human airway epithelial cell line BEAS-2B were cultured with LPS in vitro. The total cell number in BALF was higher in the LPS-stimulated mice than in the control mice. The BALF IL-34 level was significantly elevated in BALF on days 1 and 3. IL-34 expression was detected in the pulmonary epithelium in the LPS-stimulated mice on day 1. Anti-IL-34 antibody suppressed the number of macrophages in BALF. IL-34 blockade resulted in pulmonary fibrosis reduction in LPS-stimulated mice on day 5. LPS stimulation in vitro induced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in THP-1 cells. Furthermore, TNF-α stimulation induced the IL-34 production in BEAS-2B cells. These results suggest that IL-34 induction in the epithelial cells may enhance pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in the murine model of LPS-induced acute lung injury.},
 pages = {124--132},
 title = {Interleukin-34 induces pulmonary inflammation in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury},
 volume = {33},
 year = {}
}